NOTE 3 – Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), for interim financial information and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended July 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending April 30, 2012. The balance sheet at July 31, 2011, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2011.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Nuvilex, Inc. and its subsidiaries, Knock-Out Technologies, Ltd., MedElite, Inc., Cinnergen, Inc., I-Boost, Inc., Cinnechol Inc., Freedom-2 Holdings, Inc, Freedom-2, Inc. and Exceptional Equipment and Ink Supply Company, Inc. With respect to the latter three subsidiaries the financials include the profit and loss activity from the date of purchase March 2, 2009 to January 31, 2011 as the acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting.

All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents to the extent the funds are not being held for investment purposes. There were no cash equivalents as of July 31, 2011 or April 30, 2011.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is computed on a weighted-average basis, which approximates the first-in, first-out method; market is based upon estimated replacement costs.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP required management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures that increase the useful lives or capacities of the plant and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to income as incurred. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Computer equipment/software                             3 years

Furniture and fixtures                                            7 years

Machinery and equipment                     7 years

Building improvements                          15 years

Building                                                    40 years

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles

The Company records the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired as goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles. The FASB standard on goodwill and other intangible assets, prescribes a two-step process for impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles, which is performed annually, as well as when an event triggering impairment may have occurred. The first step tests for impairment, while the second step, if necessary, measures the impairment. The Company has elected to perform its annual analysis at the end of its reporting year.

Valuation of long-lived assets

The Company accounts for the valuation of long-lived assets under the FASB standard for accounting for the impairment or disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The FASB standard requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell. 

Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period without consideration of the dilutive effect of stock warrants, convertible notes and convertible preferred shares.

Fair value of financial instruments

For certain of the Company’s non-derivative financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, and other accrued liabilities, the carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. The estimated fair value of long-term debt is based primarily on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for similar debt issues. The fair value approximates the carrying value of long-term debt.

ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company. ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures.  The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

The following presents the gross value of assets and liabilities that were measured and recognized at fair value.

Effective October 1, 2008, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820-10") and Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825-10"), which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Neither of these statements had an impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

As of July 31, 2011 and April 30, 2011 the Company has recorded several of its assets and liabilities at fair value. The building held for sale was written down in the last quarter of fiscal 2010 to its fair value based upon a pending sale agreement. Although the agreement was not finalized it established the current market value for the property (refer to Note 7).  In March of 2009 through the acquisition of another company the Company acquired certain debt. As part of the acquisition these liabilities were evaluated by a third party and valued at fair value at which they were recorded. As a result of this the Company is amortizing the associated discount and premium for two of the liabilities (refer to Note 8).

Recent accounting pronouncements

In May 2011, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.    This ASU clarifies the board's intent of current guidance, modifies and changes certain guidance and principles, and adds additional disclosure requirements concerning the 3 levels of fair value measurements. Specific amendments are applied to FASB ASC 820-10-35, Subsequent Measurement and FASB ASC 820-10-50, Disclosures. This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.

In June 2011, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income. - ASU 2011-05. Current US GAAP allows companies to present the components of comprehensive income as a part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity. This ASU eliminates that option. in this Update, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income This ASU is effective interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.

This ASU should be applied retrospectively. There are no specific transition disclosures

In December 2010, the FASB Accounting Standards Update 2010-29 Business Combinations Topic 805, which requires a public entity to disclose pro forma information for business combinations that occurred in the current reporting period. The disclosures include pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the current reporting period as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the year had been as of the beginning of the annual reporting period. If comparative financial statements are presented, the pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the current year had been as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period. Effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010.

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect.  These pronouncements did not have any material impact on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

Revenue Recognition

Sales of products and related costs of products sold are recognized when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) the price is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. These terms are typically met upon the prepayment or invoicing and shipment of products.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company provides an allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts receivable balances based on historical experience and the aging of the related accounts receivable.

Income Taxes

Deferred taxes are calculated using the liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases.  Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

In June 2006, the FASB interpreted its standard for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, an interpretation of accounting for income taxes.  This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements in accordance the minimum recognition threshold and measurement attributable to a tax position taken on a tax return is required to be met before being recognized in the financial statements.

The FASB’s interpretation had no material impact on the Company’s financial statements for the quarter ended July 31, 2011 or the year ended April 30, 2011. As of July 31, 2011, the Company had a net operating loss carry forward for income tax reporting purposes of approximately $35,514,000 that may be offset against future taxable income through 2027. Current tax laws limit the amount of loss available to be offset against future taxable income when a substantial change in ownership occurs. Therefore, the amount available to offset future taxable income may be limited. No tax benefit has been reported in the financial statements, because the Company believes there is a 50% or greater chance the carry forwards will expire unused. Accordingly, the potential tax benefits of the loss carry forwards are offset by a valuation allowance of the same amount.

Research and Development Costs

Expenditures for research and development are expensed as incurred. Such costs are required to be expensed until the point that technological feasibility is established.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company has no significant off-balance-sheet concentrations of credit risk such as foreign exchange contracts, options contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements. The Company maintains the majority of its cash balances with one financial institution in the form of demand deposits.

Reclassifications

Certain items in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the presentation in the current period’s presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on the previously reported income (loss).