NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of October 31, 2024 and for the three and six months then ended. The results of operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the year or any other period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related disclosures as of April 30, 2024 and for the year then ended which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K, filed with the SEC on August 13, 2024.

Liquidity Uncertainties

As of October 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $20.8 million in cash and cash equivalents as compared to approximately $50.2 million at April 30, 2024. The Company expects that its current cash and cash equivalents of approximately $16 million as of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, will be sufficient to support its projected operating requirements and financial commitments for at least the next twelve months from the date of this Quarterly Report.

The Company may need to raise additional capital in order to initiate and pursue potential additional projects, including the continuing development beyond the ongoing pancreatic cancer research. Any additional equity financing, if available, may not be on favorable terms and would likely be significantly dilutive to the Company’s current stockholders, and debt financing, if available, may have restrictive covenants. If the Company is able to find funds through collaborative or licensing arrangements, it may be required to relinquish rights to some of its product candidates that the Company would otherwise seek to develop on its own, on terms that may not be favorable to the Company. The Company’s ability to access capital when needed is not assured and, if not achieved on a timely basis, will likely have a materially adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations.

Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution for common stock equivalents and is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist of common stock options, warrants, and convertible preferred securities. The dilutive effect of stock options and warrants is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the treasury stock method. The dilutive effect of convertible preferred securities is reflected in the diluted EPS by application of the “if-converted” method. The “if-converted” method is only assumed in periods where such application would be dilutive. Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share is determined by dividing income (loss) by the weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during the period. For periods presented with a net loss, the shares underlying the ordinary share options, warrants and preferred stock have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the weighted-average shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted loss per share is the same for periods with a net loss.

Investment in TNF Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company assessed whether it has a variable interest in legal entities in which it has a financial relationship and, if so, whether or not those entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”). For those entities that qualify as VIEs, ASC 810 requires the Company to determine if it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and if so, to consolidate the VIE. The investment in TNF did not meet the primary beneficiary requirements for consolidation, therefore no consolidation of this VIE was required.

If an entity is determined to be a VIE, the Company evaluates whether it is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary analysis is a qualitative analysis based on power and economics. PharmaCyte consolidates a VIE if it has both power and benefits that is, PharmaCyte (i) has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly influence the VIE’s economic performance (power), and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE (benefits). PharmaCyte consolidates VIEs whenever it is determined that PharmaCyte is the primary beneficiary. Any intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

The Company applies ASC 321 Investments—Equity Securities to investments in equity securities for which the Company has no significant influence or equity investments that are not in substance common stock. Under this guidance, equity securities with and without readily determinable fair values are accounted for at fair value based on quoted market prices or utilizing an appropriate valuation methodology to estimate the fair value. All gains and losses on investments in equity securities are recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

New Accounting Pronouncements Effective in Future Periods

In November 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-07 - Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities with a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by this standard and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280 on an interim and annual basis, including new requirements to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within the reported measure(s) of a segment's profit or loss, the amount and composition of any other segment items, the title and position of the CODM, and how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of a segment's profit or loss to assess performance and decide how to allocate resources. The guidance is effective for our annual period beginning May 1, 2025, and interim periods, thereafter, applied retrospectively with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on its financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires public entities to provide greater disaggregation within their annual rate reconciliation, including new requirements to present reconciling items on a gross basis in specified categories, disclose both percentages and dollar amounts, and disaggregate individual reconciling items by jurisdiction and nature when the effect of the items meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance also requires disaggregating the annual disclosure of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, by federal (national), state, and foreign taxes, with separate presentation of individual jurisdictions that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance is effective for the Company's annual periods beginning May 1, 2025 on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on its financial statements and disclosures.