Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

6 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2023

NOTE 13 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value measurements discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of and during the six months ended October 31, 2023. The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values at October 31, 2023 due to their short-term nature. The fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative related to the convertible preferred stock was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which uses as inputs the fair value of the Company’s common stock and guideline companies estimates for the equity volatility and traded volume volatility of our common stock, the time maturity of the convertible preferred stock, the risk-free interest rate for a period of time that approximates the time to maturity, dividend rate, a penalty dividend rate and the probability of default. The fair value of the warrant liability was estimated using the Black Scholes Merton Model which uses as inputs the following weighted average assumptions, as noted above: dividend yield, expected terms in years, equity volatility and risk-free rate.

Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported and reported at fair at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually. The estimated fair value of the warrant liability and bifurcated embedded derivative represent Level 3 measurements. The following table presents information about the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at October 31, 2023, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:


Description	Level		October 31, 2023		April 30, 2023
Liabilities:
Warrant liability (Note 5)		3	$	11,504,000	$	–
Bifurcated embedded derivative (Note 11)		3	$	4,069,000	$	–

The following table sets forth a summary of the change in the fair value of the warrant liability that is measured at fair value on a recurring basis.


	October 31, 2023
Balance on April 30, 2023	$	–
Issuance of warrants		14,127,000
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(2,623,000	)
Balance on October 31, 2023	$	11,504,000

The following table sets forth a summary of the change in the fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative liability that is measured on a recurring basis:

	October 31, 2023
Balance on April 30, 2023	$	–
Issuance of convertible preferred stock with bifurcated embedded derivative liability		2,770,000
Change in fair value of bifurcated embedded derivative		1,299,000
Balance on October 31, 2023	$	4,069,000

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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