NOTE 6 – STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS

Stock Options

As of July 31, 2021, the Company had 42,333 outstanding stock options to its directors and officers (collectively, “Employee Options”) and consultants (“Non-Employee Options”).

During the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted 1,000 and 1,000 Employee Options, respectively.

The fair value of the Employee Options at the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, based on the following weighted average assumptions: 

The Company’s computation of expected volatility is based on the historical daily volatility of its publicly traded stock. For stock option grants issued during the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company used a calculated volatility for each grant. The Company lacks adequate information about the exercise behavior now and has determined the expected term assumption under the simplified method provided for under ASC 718, which averages the contractual term of the Company’s stock options of five years with the average vesting term of two and one-half years for an average of three years. The dividend yield assumption of zero is based upon the fact the Company has never paid cash dividends and presently has no intention of paying cash dividends. The risk-free interest rate used for each grant is equal to the U.S. Treasury rates in effect at the time of the grant for instruments with a similar expected life.

During the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted no Non-Employee Options.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for the three months ended July 31, 2021 are shown below: 

A summary of the activity for unvested stock options during the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 is as follows: 

The Company recorded $24,144 and $72,317 of stock-based compensation related to the issuance of Employee Options to certain officers and directors in exchange for services during the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. At July 31, 2021, there remained $15,976 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested Employee Options granted to officers and directors, to be recognized as expense over a weighted-average period of the remaining five months in the calendar year. The unvested options vest at 500 shares per month and are expected to be fully vested on December 31, 2021.

The Company recorded no stock-based compensation related to the issuance of Non-Employee Options in exchange for services during the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table summarizes the outstanding stock options by exercise price at July 31, 2021: 

The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options as of July 31, 2021 was $6,860. This represents options whose exercise price was less than the closing fair market value of the Company’s common stock on July 31, 2021 of approximately $12.01 per share.

Warrants

The warrants issued by the Company are equity-classified. The fair value of the warrants was recorded as additional paid-in-capital, and no further adjustments are made.

For stock warrants paid in consideration of services rendered by non-employees, the Company recognizes consulting expense in accordance with the requirements of ASC 505.

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity and related information for the three months ended July 31, 2021 are shown below: 

The following table summarizes additional information concerning warrants outstanding and exercisable at July 31, 2021: